TOEFL考試試題

　　在日常學(xué)習(xí)、工作生活中，我們會(huì)經(jīng)常接觸并使用試題，試題有助于被考核者了解自己的真實(shí)水平。還在為找參考試題而苦惱嗎？以下是小編幫大家整理的TOEFL考試試題，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。

　　聽(tīng)力部分

　　Section 1：Conversation

　　Listen to a conversation between a student and a professor. Then answer the questions.

　　- The student goes to see the professor because he wants to

　　A. ask about a lecture

　　B. discuss a research project

　　C. get permission to hand in a paper late

　　D. complain about a grade

　　- The student says he wants to hand in the paper late because

　　A. he has been sick

　　B. he had a family emergency

　　C. he is going to a wedding

　　D. he had trouble finding sources

　　- What does the professor suggest the student do?

　　A. Hand in a draft first

　　B. Ask a classmate for help

　　C. Work on the paper over the weekend

　　D. Change the topic of the paper

　　Section 2：Lecture

　　Listen to a lecture in a biology class. Then answer the questions.

　　- What is the main topic of the lecture?

　　A. The evolution of plants

　　B. The importance of photosynthesis

　　C. Different types of plant cells

　　D. The structure of a plant leaf

　　- According to the professor, what is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

　　A. To store water

　　B. To produce energy

　　C. To transport nutrients

　　D. To protect the cell

　　- The professor mentions that some plants have special adaptations to survive in dry environments. What is one of these adaptations?

　　A. Thick leaves

　　B. Long roots

　　C. Small flowers

　　D. Bright colors

　　口語(yǔ)部分

　　Task 1

　　Some people prefer to study in a quiet place, while others like to study in a noisy place with background music or other sounds. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific examples and details to support your opinion.

　　Task 2

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to learn from mistakes made by others than from your own mistakes. Explain your answer and provide examples to support your view.

　　Task 3

　　The university is planning to build a new sports complex on campus. The woman in the conversation supports this plan. Explain why she thinks it is a good idea and give specific reasons.

　　Task 4

　　Read the passage and then listen to a lecture on the same topic. Summarize the main points of the lecture and explain how it relates to the information in the passage.

　　Passage: Many animals use camouflage to hide from predators. Camouflage can be achieved through color, pattern, or behavior. For example, some animals have colors that match their surroundings, making them difficult to spot. Others have patterns that break up their shape, making them look like part of the background.

　　Lecture: The professor gives examples of different animals that use camouflage effectively. He mentions a type of frog that is green and blends in with the leaves in the forest where it lives. Another example is a butterfly that has patterns on its wings that look like the bark of a tree. The professor also explains that animals may change their behavior to enhance their camouflage, such as staying still for long periods of time.

　　閱讀部分

　　Passage 1

　　The history of the bicycle is a long and fascinating one. The first bicycles, known as "velocipedes," were developed in the early 19th century. These early bicycles had large front wheels and small back wheels, making them difficult to ride and control. Over time, improvements were made to the design, including the addition of gears and brakes. By the late 19th century, the modern bicycle as we know it today had begun to take shape.

　　The popularity of the bicycle grew rapidly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It became a popular means of transportation for both men and women, as well as a popular form of recreation. Bicycles were used for commuting to work, for weekend outings, and for racing. In fact, bicycle racing became a popular sport, with many races and competitions held around the world.

　　Today, bicycles are still widely used for transportation and recreation. They are also used for fitness and as a means of reducing carbon emissions. With the development of new technologies, such as electric bicycles, the bicycle is likely to remain an important part of our lives for many years to come.

　　- According to the passage, what was one of the challenges of the early bicycles?

　　A. They were too expensive.

　　B. They were too heavy.

　　C. They were difficult to ride and control.

　　D. They were not very durable.

　　- What was one of the reasons for the popularity of bicycles in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

　　A. They were faster than cars.

　　B. They were easier to park than cars.

　　C. They were a cheap and convenient form of transportation.

　　D. They were more stylish than other forms of transportation.

　　- What does the author suggest about the future of the bicycle?

　　A. It will become less popular.

　　B. It will be replaced by other forms of transportation.

　　C. It will continue to be an important part of our lives.

　　D. It will only be used for racing.

　　Passage 2

　　The concept of cultural relativism has had a significant impact on the field of anthropology. Cultural relativism suggests that each culture should be understood and evaluated based on its own values and beliefs, rather than being judged by the standards of another culture. This approach emphasizes the importance of respecting cultural diversity and avoiding ethnocentrism, which is the tendency to view ones own culture as superior to others.

　　However, cultural relativism is not without its critics. Some argue that it can lead to moral relativism, where there are no absolute moral standards and everything is relative to a particular culture. This can make it difficult to condemn practices such as human sacrifice or female genital mutilation, which are considered unacceptable in many cultures but are part of the traditions of some others. Others claim that cultural relativism can prevent the spread of beneficial cultural practices and ideas, as it discourages the evaluation and adoption of practices from other cultures.

　　Despite these criticisms, cultural relativism remains an important concept in anthropology. It has helped anthropologists to gain a deeper understanding of different cultures and has promoted cross-cultural communication and cooperation. By recognizing and respecting the diversity of cultures, we can better appreciate the complexity of human society and work towards a more inclusive and harmonious world.

　　- What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. Cultural relativism is a useful concept in anthropology, but it has some limitations.

　　B. Cultural relativism has led to the spread of harmful cultural practices.

　　C. Anthropologists should avoid using cultural relativism in their research.

　　D. Cultural relativism is the only way to understand and evaluate different cultures.

　　- According to the passage, what is ethnocentrism?

　　A. The belief that all cultures are equal.

　　B. The tendency to view ones own culture as superior to others.

　　C. The practice of adopting the values and beliefs of other cultures.

　　D. The study of different cultures.

　　- What are some of the criticisms of cultural relativism?

　　A. It can lead to the loss of cultural identity.

　　B. It can prevent the spread of beneficial cultural practices.

　　C. It is too difficult to understand.

　　D. It is not relevant to modern society.

　　寫(xiě)作部分

　　Task 1：Integrated Writing

　　Read the passage and listen to a lecture on the same topic. Then write a response that summarizes the main points of the lecture and shows how they relate to the points in the reading passage.

　　Reading Passage:

　　The construction of the Panama Canal was a major engineering feat that had a significant impact on global trade. The canal allowed ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans more quickly and safely, reducing the time and cost of shipping. It also led to the development of new industries and businesses in the region, as well as increased migration to Panama. However, the construction of the canal was not without challenges. Workers had to deal with difficult terrain, tropical diseases, and harsh working conditions.

　　Lecture:

　　The professor agrees that the construction of the Panama Canal was a significant achievement, but he also points out some additional factors that the reading passage does not mention. He says that the canal had a major impact on the environment, causing changes to the local ecosystem and affecting the habitats of many species. He also mentions that the construction of the canal led to political tensions between the United States and Panama, as the United States had a great deal of control over the project. Finally, the professor argues that the benefits of the canal were not evenly distributed, with some countries and regions benefiting more than others.

　　Task 2：Independent Writing

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made people less creative. Use specific examples and reasons to support your opinion.

　　聽(tīng)力部分答案

　　Section 1：Conversation

　　1. C（學(xué)生去見(jiàn)教授是因?yàn)橄胝?qǐng)求晚交論文）。

　　2. B（學(xué)生說(shuō)想晚交論文是因?yàn)橛屑彝ゾo急情況）。

　　3. A（教授建議學(xué)生先交一份草稿）。

　　Section 2：Lecture

　　1. A（講座的主要話題是植物的進(jìn)化）。

　　2. B（葉綠體在植物細(xì)胞中的功能是產(chǎn)生能量）。

　　3. A（一些植物在干燥環(huán)境中生存的特殊適應(yīng)方式之一是有厚厚的葉子）。

　　口語(yǔ)部分答案

　　Task 1

　　I prefer to study in a quiet place. For one thing, when its quiet, I can fully concentrate on my study without any distractions. For example, when Im reading a complex textbook or working on a difficult math problem, I need to be able to focus deeply. Any background noise can break my train of thought and make it take longer to understand the material. For another, a quiet environment helps me to remember what Ive learned better. In a noisy place, my mind might be occupied by the noise instead of the knowledge Im trying to absorb. So, overall, a quiet place is much more conducive to my study.

　　Task 2

　　I disagree with the statement that it is better to learn from mistakes made by others than from your own mistakes. While learning from others mistakes can be beneficial as it saves time and prevents us from making the same blunders, learning from our own mistakes is equally important and in some ways more valuable. When we make a mistake ourselves, we experience the consequences firsthand. This makes the lesson more memorable and impactful. For instance, if we make a mistake on a project at work and it leads to a setback, we are more likely to remember what went wrong and take steps to avoid it in the future. Moreover, learning from our own mistakes helps us to develop problem-solving skills and resilience. We learn to analyze the situation, figure out what went wrong, and come up with solutions. This process of self-reflection and growth is essential for personal and professional development.

　　Task 3

　　The woman supports the plan to build a new sports complex on campus for several reasons. First, she mentions that it will provide more opportunities for students to engage in physical activities. Currently, the existing sports facilities are often overcrowded, and students have to wait for a long time to use them. With a new sports complex, there will be more space and equipment available, allowing more students to participate in sports. Second, she says that it will enhance the campus life. Having a sports complex will attract more students to participate in sports clubs and events, which will create a more vibrant and active campus atmosphere. Finally, she believes that it will be beneficial for the health and well-being of students. Regular physical activity is important for maintaining good health, and a new sports complex will encourage students to be more active and lead a healthier lifestyle.

　　Task 4

　　The lecture expands on the information in the passage about animal camouflage. The professor gives specific examples of animals that use camouflage effectively, such as a green frog that blends in with the leaves in the forest and a butterfly with patterns on its wings that look like the bark of a tree. He also mentions that animals may change their behavior to enhance their camouflage, like staying still for long periods of time. This relates to the passage by providing more detailed examples and explanations of how animals use camouflage to hide from predators. The lecture shows that camouflage can be achieved through color, pattern, and behavior, just as the passage stated.

　　閱讀部分答案

　　Passage 1

　　1. C（早期自行車(chē)的挑戰(zhàn)之一是難以騎行和控制）。

　　2. C（自行車(chē)在 19 世紀(jì)末和 20 世紀(jì)初流行的原因之一是它是一種便宜且方便的交通方式）。

　　3. C（作者認(rèn)為自行車(chē)在未來(lái)將繼續(xù)成為我們生活中的重要組成部分）。

　　Passage 2

　　1. A（文章的主要觀點(diǎn)是文化相對(duì)主義在人類(lèi)學(xué)中是一個(gè)有用的概念，但也有一些局限性）。

　　2. B（民族中心主義是傾向于認(rèn)為自己的文化優(yōu)于其他文化）。

　　3. B（對(duì)文化相對(duì)主義的一些批評(píng)是它可以阻止有益文化實(shí)踐的傳播）。

　　寫(xiě)作部分答案

　　Task 1：Integrated Writing

　　The professor in the lecture agrees with the reading passage that the construction of the Panama Canal was a major engineering feat with significant impacts on global trade, regional development, and migration. However, the professor also presents additional points. Regarding the environment, the canal caused changes to the local ecosystem and affected the habitats of many species, which the reading did not mention. Politically, the construction led to tensions between the United States and Panama due to the U.S.s control over the project. Additionally, the professor points out that the benefits of the canal were not evenly distributed, with some countries and regions benefiting more than others. These additional factors show that while the Panama Canal had many positive impacts as stated in the reading, it also had unforeseen consequences and complexities that need to be considered.

　　Task 2：Independent Writing

　　I disagree that technology has made people less creative. In fact, technology has opened up countless opportunities for people to express their creativity. For example, digital art tools allow artists to create unique and innovative works that were not possible before. With software like Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator, artists can manipulate images, create 3D art, and experiment with different styles and techniques. In music, technology has enabled musicians to create new sounds and genres by using digital instruments and music production software. Moreover, technology has made it easier for people to share their creative works with a wider audience. Social media platforms and online galleries give artists, writers, and musicians a platform to showcase their talents and receive feedback from others. This interaction can inspire even more creativity as people are exposed to different ideas and perspectives. Additionally, technology has spurred innovation in various fields. From architecture to engineering, technology has allowed people to design and build structures and products that are more efficient, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing. For instance, 3D printing has revolutionized the way products are made, enabling designers to create complex and customized designs with ease. In conclusion, technology has not made people less creative. Instead, it has provided new tools and platforms for people to explore their creativity and share their ideas with the world.

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