奧運馬術項目 Equestrian

　　Equestrian events were included in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900 and then in 1912, in a format very similar to that which will be used at the Athens 2004 Olympic Games.

　　In the past, the three-day event (Eventing) was restricted to military officers, while the jumping and dressage competitions were open to civilians, but only a handful of civilian riders competed up to 1948. Up to that time, the growth of modern sport had been rapid, but relatively few competitors were involved in international competitions. They all knew each other and the judges and were accepting of local variations to the fairly simple rules which existed. With the inclusion of the sport in the Olympic Games, it became obvious that some internationally recognised rules for the three Olympic disciplines were essential. In May 1921, delegates from 10 national equestrian organisations met in Lausanne to discuss the formation of an international federation.

　　Equestrian consists of three disciplines: Jumping, Dressage and Eventing (Three-Day Event). 

馬術概述（1900年成為奧運會正式比賽項目） 　　

　　馬術在1900的奧運會上首次亮相，接著出現(xiàn)在1912年的奧運會上，采用與即將舉行的2004雅典奧運會極其相似的規(guī)則和形式。

　　過去，三日賽 （又稱綜合全能馬術賽）的參賽權僅僅局限于軍官。盡管障礙賽和花樣騎術是對平民開放的，但是一直到1948年只有很少數(shù)的平民騎手參加比賽。在那時，現(xiàn)代體育事業(yè)已經(jīng)在飛速發(fā)展了，但是只有相對很少的運動員參加國際性的比賽。運動員們彼此還有和裁判都很熟悉，而且他們也接受當時簡單規(guī)則在當?shù)氐姆N種變化。隨著馬術加入到奧運會中，這三項賽事國際認證的規(guī)則的基本性變得更為顯著。在1921年5月，來自10個國家的馬術組織的代表在瑞士的洛桑會晤，共同磋商建立國際馬術協(xié)會。

　　馬術比賽包括三項賽事：障礙賽、花樣騎術和綜合全能馬術賽（三日賽）。

About Equestrian （Olympic sport since 1900）

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