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翻譯中的中式英語(yǔ)之鑒
漢譯英的過(guò)程中,常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)“中式英語(yǔ)”翻譯,即所謂的Chinglish,因此我們?cè)诜g的過(guò)程中,萬(wàn)不可想當(dāng)然,要多查資料,多翻字典,以保證譯文的地道準(zhǔn)確,以下幾例供大家參考。
1. 茶樹(shù)在這片山地上長(zhǎng)得很好。
〔誤〕Tea trees grow well in these mountain fields.
〔正〕Tea grows well in these mountain fields.
注:“茶樹(shù)”、“果樹(shù)”等在翻譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)常常省略tree,因?yàn)檫@些詞本身就包含“樹(shù)”的意思。如orange(橘子樹(shù)),banana(香蕉樹(shù))等。
2. 淡季生意不好做。
〔誤〕It's hard to do business in light seasons.
〔正〕It's hard to do business in slack seasons.
注:“淡”在英語(yǔ)中往往不用light表示。又如:“淡茶”(weak tea),“淡水”(fresh water)。
3. 這可是件大事!
〔誤〕This is a big thing!
〔正〕This is an important matter!
注:big thing是指體積大的東西,而“大事”是指“重要的事情”,它也可以用big issue來(lái)表達(dá)。隨意中文的“大”不一定對(duì)應(yīng)英文的big。如:“大霧”的表達(dá)就是thick fog。large則表示一個(gè)無(wú)體總的寬度和數(shù)量,有廣闊和眾多的意思。
4. 該停機(jī)檢查故障了。
〔誤〕It is time that we stop the machine and find the trouble.
〔正〕It is time we stopped the machine and found the trouble.
注:it is time that…表示“是……的時(shí)候了”,其后的從句應(yīng)采用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),這是虛擬與其的要求。
5. 今天我要到叔叔家拜年。
〔誤〕I'll go to visit my uncle and say "Happy New Year" to him today.
〔正〕I'll pay a New Year call to my uncle today.
注:“拜年”用英文怎么說(shuō)一定難倒了好多人。第一句譯文不是不對(duì),而是沒(méi)有后一句好!鞍菽辍边可以被說(shuō)成wish sb. a Happy New Year,如:Auntie, we've come to wish you a Happy New Year(阿姨,我們來(lái)給您拜年了。)
6. 近幾年我國(guó)的第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)很快。
〔誤〕For the latest couple of years the third industry in our country has been developing very fast.
〔正〕For the latest couple of years the tertiary industry in our country has been developing very fast.
注:“第一產(chǎn)業(yè)”是the primary industry,“第二產(chǎn)業(yè)”是the secondary industry,但“第三產(chǎn)業(yè)”不是the third industry,而是the tertiary industry。其實(shí)tertiary與third是同義的,都是“第三”的意思,這樣用只是約定俗成。另外,“第三產(chǎn)業(yè)”還可以說(shuō)成the service industry,因?yàn)榈谌a(chǎn)業(yè)主要是指服務(wù)業(yè)。
7. 適當(dāng)保持低調(diào)是維護(hù)好的公眾形象的竅門。
〔誤〕To keep an adequately low tone is a tip to maintain good public impression.
〔正〕To be adequately low-keyed is a tip to maintain good public impression.
注:tone指“音調(diào)“或“口氣“,是實(shí)指。如:She always speaks with a rising tone.(她講話總是用升調(diào))。而這里的“低調(diào)”是“不張揚(yáng)”的意思,應(yīng)用low-keyed 或low-key。如:The wedding is a very low-key affair/The wedding is very low-keyed.(婚禮辦得很低調(diào))。
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