高考英語試卷
無論是在學校還是在社會中，我們都離不開試卷，試卷是課程考核統(tǒng)計分析工作的重要組成部分，它包括試卷的信度、效度、區(qū)分度、難度四個方面。你所了解的試卷是什么樣的呢？下面是小編為大家整理的高考英語試卷，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新課標Ⅰ卷）
英語
姓名________________ 準考證號________________
全卷共12頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。
考生注意：
1. 答題前，請務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆分別填寫在試題卷和答題紙規(guī)定的位置上。
2. 答題時，請按照答題紙上“注意事項”的要求，在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置上規(guī)范作答，在本試題卷上的作答一律無效。
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。
第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is Kate doing?
A. Boarding a flight. B. Arranging a trip. C. Seeing a friend off.
【答案】C
【解析】
原文】M: Thanks for the wonderful weekend, Kate.
W: Thats okay. Bob and I are glad you came to see us.
M: Oh, I have to go in. My flight will take off soon. Do contact me when youre in Sydney.
W: Sure, we will.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about?
A. A pop star. B. An old song. C. A radio program.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Paul, listen to the radio. Its Youve Stolen My Heart, one of the songs played at our wedding.
M: Yeah, how beautiful! Its been popular for almost two decades.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What will the speakers do today?
A. Go to an art show. B. Meet the mans aunt. C. Eat out with Mark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: David, forget about Mark. His aunt is in town, so he cant go with us today.
M: Oh, what a pity! Its the last day of the art show.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What does the man want to do?
A. Cancel an order. B. Ask for a receipt. C. Reschedule a delivery.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How may I help you?
M: I bought a desk and asked for it to be delivered to my house this Friday.
W: Yes, what’s the problem?
M: I need to have it delivered this Saturday.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
When will the next train to Bedford leave?
A. At 9:45. B. At 10:15. C. At 11:00.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Next, please.
M: Oh, hi, I missed my 9 oclock train to Bedford. Do I have to buy another ticket?
W: No. The next train leaves at a quarter to ten at Platform 11.
M: Thank you.
第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
6. What will the weather be like today?
A. Stormy. B. Sunny. C. Foggy.
7. What is the man going to do?
A. Plant a tree. B. Move his car. C. Check the map.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Honey, have you checked todays weather forecast?
M: Yes, its cold and wet. There is a warning for strong winds up to 100 kilometers per hour.
W: What are we going to do then?
M: Nothing much. Just stay indoors. There is a risk of falling trees and power lines.
W: Right.
M: And the low temperatures could bring snow to the forest area.
W: I hope its over quickly.
M: Well, it wont get better until late Wednesday. Anyway, I have to move the car away from the trees.
W: Yeah, you cannot be too careful.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
8. Why is Kathy in California now?
A. She is on vacation there. B. She has just moved there. C. She is doing business there.
9. What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.
10. What does Kathy thank Dave for?
A. Finding her a new job. B. Sending her a present. C. Calling on her mother.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Dave. This is Kathy from Sunny California.
M: Hi, Kathy. You finally called. How was the move? All settled in?
W: Sorry, I hadn’t called sooner, but it’s been a busy month. We’re slowly getting things set up in our new home.
M: Yeah, I understand. How are Jeff and the children?
W: Jeff is doing well with his new job. Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma. By the way, thank you for looking in on my mother from time to time. I call her every week, but it isn’t the same as seeing her.
M: No problem. Betty and I are friends now. How is the weather there?
W: It’s nice and warm, and we are able to spend some time every week on the beach with the children.
M: That’s great.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
11. How did Jack go to school when he was a child?
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
12. What is Jacks attitude toward parents driving their kids to school?
A. Disapproving. B. Encouraging. C. Understanding.
13. What is the problem with some parents according to the woman?
A. Overprotecting their children.
B. Pushing their children too hard.
C. Having no time for their children.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, how did you get to school when you were in primary school?
M: I lived close to my school, so I walked every day. Why?
W: Well, I remember that when we were kids, we often walked, rode a bike or caught the bus to school. Few of us were dropped off at the school gate by our parents.
M: I see what you mean, these days you can see traffic jams around schools that drop off at pick-up times, but it’s hard to blame the parents. They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and convenience.
W: You have a point there, but it could also mean children are missing out on much needed exercise and other life skills. Some parents are just being over-protective with their children learning nothing, but living in fear of everything. Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier, better adjusted and better at dealing with stress.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first?
A. To keep records of her progress.
B. To sell home-grown vegetables.
C. To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries?
A. They need no special care.
B. They can be used in cooking.
C. They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16. What is difficult for Marie to grow?
A. Herbs. B. Carrots. C. Pears.
17. What is Maries advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?
A. Aim high. B. Keep focused. C. Stay optimistic.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: So Aurie, your kitchen garden looks excellent. What made you turn to social media to record your vegetable growing?
W: Initially, I used the online platform as a diary, something to look back on, giving me a sense of achievements and keeping me motivated and moving forward. As time went by, other gardeners and like-minded people began to follow my progress, too.
M: I know you grow lots of fruit on your land. Which would you recommend to beginners as the best to grow?
W: Strawberries would be a good choice. They produce a lot of fruit in their first season.
M: Thats cool. Well, do you have plans to try newor any particular crops next year?
W: Next season I will be adding some pear trees to the fruit area. I will be adding more herbs which I can use in the kitchen. After a couple of years of failure, I will try growing carrots again.
M: What advice would you offer someone thinkingof doing kitchen gardening?
W: Have a plan of what you want your kitchen garden to look like. Dont be too discouraged if things dont go according to plan. Learn from your mistakes and move on. Theres always next season.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
18. What is "Life of Johnson"?
A. A magazine column. B. A TV series. C. A historical novel.
19. What is Johnson famous for?
A. His acting talent. B. His humorous writing. C. His long sports career.
20. When did Johnson join Sports Times?
A. In 1981. B. In 1983. C. In 1985.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome to Meet the Author. Well, many readers of Sports Times turn to the last page of their magazine first in order to read Jacob Johnsons weekly article under the title Life of Johnson, the articles along with his novels and essay collections have earned Johnson the reputation as one of the funniest humans on the planet. Johnson began writing about sports as a second-year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper. After graduating in 1981, he moved on to work at the Denver Weekly for 2 years and the Los Angeles Post for two more years before landing at Sports Times. He has been voted national sports writer of the year 11 times. So now lets welcome the funny man with serious tone, Jacob Johnson.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marins natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. Well explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.
Well be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (滿足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?
A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks.
C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research.
22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.
23. What are the volunteers expected to do?
A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了參加保護當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的棲息地恢復(fù)小組的時間地點等相關(guān)細節(jié)。
【21題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (幫助恢復(fù)和保護從馬林海岬到波利納斯嶺的馬林海的自然區(qū)域。我們將探索美麗的公園場地，同時進行入侵植物清除、冬季種植和種子收集。棲息地恢復(fù)小組的志愿者在恢復(fù)敏感資源和保護山脊和山谷中的瀕危物種方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，棲息地恢復(fù)小組的目的是保護當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C項。
【22題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (歡迎10歲及以上的志愿者)”可知，參加棲息地恢復(fù)小組的最低年齡限制是10歲。故選B項。
【23題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我們將風雨無阻地工作)”可知，身為志愿者，即使天氣不好也要工作。故選B項。
B
“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (針灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (獸醫(yī)) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩療法) and herbal medicine.
Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.
Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?
A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude.
25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?
A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.
C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.
26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.
C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.
27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?
A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance.
C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述獸醫(yī)威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在從針灸中受益后，將綜合醫(yī)療應(yīng)用于動物，并取得了初步成效。
【24題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起來有點自衛(wèi)，那可能是因為他的一些同事偶爾會嘲笑他不尋常的方法。) ”可知，F(xiàn)arber的同事們有時會嘲笑他不尋常的方法，他們認為他很奇怪。故選A。
【25題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他嘗試了針灸，這是一種古老的中國療法，并驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過兩三次治療，他的病情有所好轉(zhuǎn)。對獸醫(yī)有效的方法似乎對他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了這些技術(shù)幾年后，他開始把它們提供給寵物。)”可知，F(xiàn)arber作為患者從針灸中受益，這促使他決定嘗試在寵物上使用針灸。故選C。
【26題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代爾的狗查理患有嚴重的心臟病。廷代爾說，查理心臟病發(fā)作后，她準備讓他進入睡眠狀態(tài)，但法伯的治療大大減輕了她的狗的痛苦，她能夠讓它多活五個月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)報告說，她的馬納皮(Nappy)經(jīng)過脊椎按摩調(diào)整后，“行動更容易，乘車更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要講述了兩個例子，一個是Farber通過整體醫(yī)學方法幫助了患有嚴重心臟病的狗Charlie，另一個是馬Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治療后移動和騎行更為舒適。這些例子都是為了說明整體醫(yī)學的有效性。故選D。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯確信，隨著時間的推移，綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，如果過去有任何跡象的話，他可能是對的:自1982年以來，美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個增加到700多個。)”可知，法伯認為綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，隨后作者列舉了美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個增加到700多個的例子，因此推斷美國整體獸醫(yī)協(xié)會是為證明法伯的觀點。故選A。
C
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? The answers to both questions are often “no”. The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心態(tài)) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假說)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
Audio (音頻) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
28. What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean?
A Seem unlikely to last. B. Seem hard to explain.
C. Become ready to use. D. Become easy to notice.
29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly. B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C. People select digital texts randomly. D. Digital texts are suitable for social media.
30. Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hold students attention. B. They are more convenient to prepare.
C. They help develop advanced skills. D. They are more informative than text.
31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students should apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers should produce their own teaching material.
C. Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
D. Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。主要討論了紙質(zhì)閱讀與數(shù)字閱讀、音頻和視頻學習方式的差異和效果。
【28題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding.(當閱讀幾百字或更多的文本時，在紙上學習通常比在屏幕上學習更成功。大量的研究證實了這一發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，在紙上學習更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.(當實驗人員從提出簡單的任務(wù)(如識別閱讀文章的主旨)轉(zhuǎn)移到需要思維抽象的任務(wù)(如從文本中推斷)時)”推知，此處應(yīng)是表達“當實驗者從簡單的任務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)向需要精神抽象的任務(wù)時，紙質(zhì)閱讀的益處就變得顯而易見”之意，所以shine through應(yīng)是“顯而易見”之意，和D項意思相近。故選D項。
【29題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假說)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.(但同樣重要的是精神層面。閱讀研究人員提出了一個名為“shallowing hypothesis”的理論。根據(jù)這一理論，人們以適合社交媒體的心態(tài)接觸數(shù)字文本，這些文本通常不那么嚴肅，與閱讀印刷品時相比，投入的精神努力也更少)”可知，shallowing hypothesis假設(shè)讀者在閱讀數(shù)字文本時會持有一種輕松的心態(tài)，不會像閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍那樣投入太多的心理努力。故選A項。
【30題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Audio (音頻) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person.(音頻和視頻可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大學教師越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向這些技術(shù)，例如分配在線講座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知，音頻和視頻比文本更能吸引學生的注意力，所以大學教師越來越多地使用這些技術(shù)。故選A項。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.(數(shù)字文本、音頻和視頻都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中無法獲得的資源時。然而，為了在需要精神集中和反思的情況下最大限度地學習，教育工作者不應(yīng)假定所有媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞)”可知，盡管數(shù)字文本、音頻和視頻在教育中有一定作用，但當需要精神集中和反思以最大化學習時，教育者不應(yīng)假定所有媒體都是相同的，即使它們包含相同的單詞。這表明作者認為紙質(zhì)文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示紙質(zhì)文本在教育中的重要性。故選C項。
D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (標本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?
A. They are becoming outdated. B. They are mostly in electronic form.
C. They are limited in number. D. They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on?
A. Threatened species. B. Physical specimens.
C. Observational data. D. Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study?
A. Mistakes in data analysis. B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling. D. Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?
A. Review data from certain areas. B. Hire experts to check the records.
C. Confirm the identity of the users. D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了斯坦福大學的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)字生物多樣性記錄存在偏見，建議應(yīng)用程序引導(dǎo)公民科學家獲取更好的數(shù)據(jù)。
【32題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. (今天，大多數(shù)生物多樣性記錄通常以照片、視頻和其他數(shù)字記錄的形式出現(xiàn)。)”可知，現(xiàn)在收集的物種記錄大多是以電子形式存在的。故選B。
【33題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (標本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable? (這些觀察結(jié)果現(xiàn)在超過了來自物理標本的原始數(shù)據(jù)，而且由于我們越來越多地使用觀察數(shù)據(jù)來研究物種如何應(yīng)對全球變化，我想知道：它們有用嗎?)”和第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru說“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草�！�)”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于觀察數(shù)據(jù)，即人們通過移動應(yīng)用記錄的物種觀察數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。
【34題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. (Daru說“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草�！�)”以及第五段“This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.( 這是有道理的，因為在移動設(shè)備上獲得觀察生物多樣性數(shù)據(jù)的人通常是公民科學家，他們記錄了他們在附近地區(qū)與物種的接觸。)”可知，導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)偏差的原因是采樣方式的不當。故選C。
【35題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image. (生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序可以使用我們的'研究結(jié)果來告知用戶樣本過多的地區(qū)，并將他們引導(dǎo)到樣本不足的地方，甚至是物種。為了提高觀測數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量，生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序還可以鼓勵用戶讓專家確認他們上傳的圖像的身份。)”可知，Daru 建議生物多樣性應(yīng)用應(yīng)該給公民科學家提供指導(dǎo)。故選D。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, its vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同義詞詞典). I dont trust my laptops spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but Im old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, its not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, theres nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dont often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still dont want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries dont always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣。
【36題詳解】
上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語法和拼寫錯誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(這意味著語法正確，沒有拼寫錯誤。)”是對手稿要求的進一步解釋說明，符合題意。故選F項。
【37題詳解】
上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(當然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫，但我是一個守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁。)”提到了作者更喜歡實體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁，說明電子設(shè)備可能不會考慮上下文，所以B選項“It takes no account of the context.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項。
【38題詳解】
下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它應(yīng)該給出每個單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來。它通常還會顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(當然，字典不僅僅是用來拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項。
【39題詳解】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個單詞的來源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對字典使用頻率的說明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項。
【40題詳解】
上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個定義時寫道：“編字典是件無聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花幾分鐘的時間瀏覽一兩頁是一種有益的體驗。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂趣，D選項“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典讀起來是一種樂趣。)”是作者對字典的評價，與上文的“乏味”形成對比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項。
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
I’ve been motivated — and demotivated — by other folks’ achievement s all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I ____47____ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I ____48____ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I ____49____ her bike and went for a ride. The ____50____: The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such ____51____. That day, I got ____52____ by about 100 “l(fā)ocal” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ____53____.
I’ve ____54____ a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever ____55____ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。它詳細敘述了作者在不同階段對不同運動（跑步和騎自行車）的興趣和經(jīng)歷，并通過這些經(jīng)歷反映了作者的成長和心理變化。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我十幾歲的時候，一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。A. knew知道；B. held抓��；C. won贏得；D. quit退出。根據(jù)后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了動力，所以此處應(yīng)是一個鄰居朋友贏得了馬拉松比賽。故選C項。
【42題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：有了動力，我開始定期跑步，但后來發(fā)生了兩件事。A. regularly有規(guī)律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根據(jù)前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了動力，所以應(yīng)是定期跑步，符合語境。故選A項。
【43題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一個女孩告訴我，她正在為“超級”馬拉松訓(xùn)練，指的是52.4英里的雙馬拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑雙馬拉松，所以此處應(yīng)是為之訓(xùn)練，符合語境。故選D項。
【44題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：說實話，我討厭它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated討厭；D. deserved值得。根據(jù)前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最長跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是討厭這個成績。故選C項。
【45題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage優(yōu)勢；B. achievement成就；C. contribution貢獻；D. influence影響。根據(jù)前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最長跑了15 miles，而女孩在為52.4 miles做訓(xùn)練，所以應(yīng)是作者的成就微不足道。故選B項。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個女孩面前，我的成就顯得微不足道，再加上慢跑的無聊，我決定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk風險；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根據(jù)后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才會再跑步，這里說的是跑步的原因。故選D項。
【47題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：所以我開始騎自行車。A. gave up放棄；B. went on繼續(xù)；C. turned to轉(zhuǎn)向；D. dealt with處理。根據(jù)前文“I decided that the only 6 Id ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者決定放棄跑步，所以此處應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)向騎自行車。故選C項。
【48題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我夢想著參加自行車比賽，直到我飛到圣地亞哥去看我妹妹。A. heard聽到；B. dreamed夢想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批準。根據(jù)后文“of entering cycle races”結(jié)合選項可知，此處應(yīng)是作者夢想著參加自行車比賽，符合語境。故選B項。
【49題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天她上班的時候，我借了她的自行車去兜風。A. painted把……描繪成；B. borrowed借；C. bought買；D. parked停(車)。根據(jù)前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去騎行的話，應(yīng)是向妹妹借自行車。故選B項。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是：那里的道路穿過很大的山谷，我一次要騎上坡好幾英里。A. problem問題；B. secret秘密；C. principle原則；D. advice建議。根據(jù)后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說，是一個問題。故選A項。
【51題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有遇到過這樣的挑戰(zhàn)。A. dangers危險；B. events事件；C. opponents對手；D. challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)前文“The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要騎上坡好幾英里，這對他來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項。
【52題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：。那天，我被大約100個習慣了這種道路的“當?shù)亍彬T自行車的人超過了。A. passed超過；B. convinced說服；C. admired欣賞；D. stopped阻止。根據(jù)前文“I’d never faced such 11 .”可知，作者騎上坡好幾英里是個挑戰(zhàn)，所以是被很多人超過。故選A項。
【53題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當我回到家，突然騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信賴的；B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根據(jù)前文“That day, I got 12 by about 100 “l(fā)ocal” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天騎行被100多人超過，所以此時是覺得騎自行車似乎不那么吸引人了。故選D項。
【54題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和認識)成熟；C. missed思念；D. worried擔心。根據(jù)后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再輕易放棄，所以是成熟了很多。故選B項。
【55題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)開始接受這樣一個事實：無論我為自己設(shè)定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目標；D. tests測試。根據(jù)后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此處應(yīng)是“無論我為自己設(shè)定什么目標，它們都必須是我自己的”，符合語境。故選C項。
第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (鋁). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering
57. functional
58. to give
59. closed 60. walks
61 the 62. favorites
63. as 64. which##that
65. richness
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一個新項目——一個位于國家信托基金會伍爾貝丁花園邊緣的動態(tài)溫室，并詳細描述了該溫室的設(shè)計、功能、以及它如何與絲綢之路的歷史和絲綢之路花園相結(jié)合。
【56題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：最新的工程技術(shù)被用來創(chuàng)造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知，空處考查短語engineering techniques，意為“工程技術(shù)”，符合句意。故填engineering。
【57題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：最新的工程技術(shù)被用來創(chuàng)造一個同樣美麗的保護功能結(jié)構(gòu)�？仗幮揎椕~structure，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語functional，符合題意。故填functional。
【58題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：溫室在溫暖日子里開放，利用液壓系統(tǒng)為內(nèi)部植物提供陽光和通風。use sth. to do sth.為固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空處應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式作賓語補足語。故填to give。
【59題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：然后在寒冷的天氣里，這個結(jié)構(gòu)保持關(guān)閉，以保護亞熱帶植物�？仗幱糜趕tays之后作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞closed，表示“緊閉的”，符合題意。故填closed。
【60題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：此外，圍繞溫室的絲綢之路花園帶領(lǐng)游客走過一段受古絲綢之路影響的旅程。walk sb. through，意為“帶領(lǐng)某人穿過……”，空處為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文可知，本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語the Silk Route Garden為單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填walks。
【61題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：亞洲和歐洲之間的貿(mào)易路線第一次為英國帶來了絲綢、香料和許多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意為“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
【62題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：這些植物包括現(xiàn)代西方最受喜愛的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可數(shù)名詞，意為“特別受喜愛的東西”，根據(jù)空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填favorites。
【63題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀。”根據(jù)句意可知，空處指的是“作為”，應(yīng)用介詞as。故填as。
【64題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀�！笨仗幰龑�(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞design，先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)從句。故填which/that。
【65題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：Mark Woodruff補充說：“這是當代設(shè)計的最高成就，在絲綢之路的盡頭，中國亞熱帶西南部的植物群從溫帶的歐洲穿過山脈、干旱的土地和高山牧場，這些植物從亞洲的原生棲息地帶到英國，定義了英國園藝的豐富和榮耀。”空處與glory并列，應(yīng)用名詞形式richness，作介詞of的賓語。故填richness。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
66. 假定你是李華，上周五你們班在公園上了一堂美術(shù)課。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：
�。�1）你完成的作品；
�。�2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；
�。�2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, It was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇是應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生給Chris寫一封信, 分享在公園上美術(shù)課的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
決定：decide→determine
整個的：entire→whole
提供：offer→provide
總之：in a word→in short
2. 句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers.
【點睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)
第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
67. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadnt heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (隊列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry."
注意：
�。�1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】參考范文
Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在一次因風暴延誤的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租車前往車站趕最后一班去布拉格的公共汽車。司機岡特不熟悉車站位置，通過電話求助后順利抵達。到達時作者卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒帶現(xiàn)金，嘗試用葡萄牙銀行卡支付沒有成功，而車站的取款機也故障了。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
�、儆傻谝欢问拙鋬�(nèi)容“我跑回到岡特那里，告訴他這個壞消息�！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懽髡吡粝聦氐碾娫�，承諾會還錢給對方，岡特同意，最終作者及時登上了公共汽車。
②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“四天后，當我回到維也納時，我按照承諾給岡特打了電話�！笨芍�，第二段可描寫作者付費給岡特，并向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖屑�，兩人成為了好朋友�?/p>
2.續(xù)寫線索：作者給出解決辦法——承諾還錢——岡特同意——作者登上公共汽車——履行承諾還錢——兩人成為朋友
3.詞匯激活
行為類
�、倬芙^：reject/refuse
②給某人擁抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.
�、塾浵�，寫下：write down/set down
情緒類
�、匐y以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably
�、陂_心地：happily/joyfully
【點睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（運用了where引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（運用了when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）
2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新課標Ⅱ卷）
英語
本試卷共12頁�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后, 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
注意事項: 1. 答題前, 考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚, 將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。
2. 選擇題必須使用 2B 鉛筆填涂; 非選擇題必須使用 0.5 毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫, 字體工整、筆跡清楚。
3. 請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答, 超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效; 在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。
4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出, 確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。
5. 保持卡面清潔, 不要折疊, 不要弄破、弄皺, 不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。
第一部分 聽力（1—20 小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進行。
注意事項: 英語聽力共兩節(jié),20小題,每小題1.5分,滿分30分。
第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）
做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What did the woman do yesterday evening?
A. She watched TV. B. She went shopping. C. She attended a show.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you watch the talent show on TV last night?
W: No, I missed it. I went with my mom to buy some clothes.
2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is the man’s suggestion?
A. Taking a rest. B. Going for a coffee. C. Having a snack.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I love this park. It’s so beautiful.
M: It surely is. Are you tired? Shall we stop by the lake for a few minutes?
W: Good idea. Let’s go to that cafe for a little refreshment.
3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A weekend plan. B. A wedding invitation. C. A business deal.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Tom, shall we invite the Smiths around for dinner this Sunday?
M: Sure, but I need to pack for Monday’s business trip. What about Saturday?
W: Okay.
4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
Where is Barbara going tonight?
A. To a gym. B. To her grandma’s. C. To the doctor’s.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Barbara, do you want to play table tennis with us tonight?
W: I’d love to, but I can’t. I’m catching the last train to Denver to see my grandma. I need to take her to visit a doctor tomorrow morning.
5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
What is Alex doing?
A. He’s having breakfast. B. He’s feeding a cat. C. He’s reading a book.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Alex, did you feed the cat this morning? I don’t think she can wait.
M: All right. After I finish this chapter, I just can’t let go of this book.
第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
6. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a fitness center. B. In a sports shop. C. In a clinic.
7. What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Buy high-quality sportswear.
B. Keep working out regularly.
C. Avoid over-exercising.
【答案】53. A 54. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Miss, do you need any help?
W: I want to get fit, but exercise doesn’t seem to help.
M: What kind of exercise have you done before?
W: I did jogging now and then but it was so boring, so I changed to weightlifting. But it was so demanding, and I was afraid of getting injured, so I went bike riding.
M: Oh, I see. You need to be consistent. I suggest you do different kinds of exercise on one day or on different days of the week. This will help hold your interest, so you can keep coming back.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
8. Why does the man make the call?
A. To reserve a table. B. To ask about a party. C. To postpone a meeting.
9. What time should the man arrive on Friday evening?
A. At 5:30. B. At 6:30. C. At 8:00.
10. What is the man’s name?
A. Brown. B. Anderson. C. Howard.
【答案】55. A 56. C 57. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Brown’s Grill. How may I help you?
M: Hi, I’d like to book a table for Friday evening.
W: Okay, how many people are there in your party?
M: There will be six.
W: And what time would you like to come?
M: Let’s say at... 6:30.
W: I’m afraid we don’t have anything available then. We could see you at 5:30 or 8:00.
M: Oh, 8:00 is better.
W: Fine. May I have your name?
M: Yes, it’s Anderson.
W: Thank you. We’ll see you on Friday. By the way, we’ve moved to Howard Street.
M: Oh, yeah, I know. Thanks.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
11. Why does Sarah come to talk to Jacob?
A. To make an appointment. B. To seek his advice. C. To explain a decision.
12. How many people are there in Sarah’s group?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student.
【答案】58. C 59. B 60. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jacob, do you have a minute now?
M: Sure.
W: Well, it’s not easy to say, but I have to tell you, you’re not in our group for the class project.
M: Sarah, what do you mean? You know, I’m always in a group with you.
W: I know, it’s just that this time..., this time we made the group differently. And because you were late, we’ve already made the group. See, there are four of us already.
M: so? we can’t be a group of five?
W: Well, Professor North said there should be no more than four people in each group. It’s not about you or your work or anything like that.
M: Okay, but please count me in next time.
聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
14. How often does the band come to perform in the park?
A. Three times a year. B. Once a year. C. Every other year.
15. What kind of music will be played this evening?
A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock and roll.
16. What will Jannie do next?
A. Catch a bus. B. Listen to a lecture. C. Go to the library.
【答案】61. B 62. A 63. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Jannie, where are you going?
W: To the library.
M: There is a music concert in Victoria Park at 4 o’clock. Do you want to go?
W: Yes, Professor Darwin’s lecture is cancelled. I’m free this evening.
M: Great. The band plays pretty good music. For the last 3 years, I have never missed it.
W: How long ago did the band start playing in the park?
M: I think it was 5 years ago. Every year they arrive the first week of July and play for a week. You’re sure to enjoy this evening. There will be good country music.
W: My favorite is rock and roll, but I have to say that country music can be quite beautiful sometimes.
M: I like all kinds of music, especially jazz. Oh, Jannie, we have to go now.
W: Why? There’s plenty of time.
M: Many people are heading to the park. The traffic will be terrible.
W: All right, but I have to return these books first.
M: Okay. I’ll be waiting for you at the bus station.
聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】
17. Why did the speaker go to the hotel?
A. To deliver a speech.
B. To arrange a conference.
C. To interview Mr. Rochester.
18. What did Mr. Rochester do soon after he bought the hotel?
A. He talked with the staff members.
B. He had the old carpets replaced.
C. He ran a six-month training project.
19. What did Susan do when she met Mr. Rochester the second time?
A. She was a cleaner. B. She was a secretary. C. She was a receptionist.
20. What does the speaker think is key to Mr. Rochester’s success?
A. Managing time efficiently.
B. Valuing human relationships.
C. Possessing a good memory.
【答案】64. B 65. A 66. C 67. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, everyone. This lesson is a part of our leadership series. Let me start by sharing a story of Richard Rochester, one of the most successful businessmen in Britain. Years ago, I was given the task of organizing a conference in the south of England. I chose a five-star hotel owned by Rochester as the venue. Susan, the receptionist, helped me arrange everything perfectly. Once when we were chatting, I asked Susan if she’d ever met Mr. Rochester. She said yes. Shortly after Mr. Rochester bought the hotel, he made an appointment to see the hotel manager. When he arrived, the first person he met was Susan, who was cleaning the carpet. He chatted with Susan for 30 minutes before keeping his appointment with the manager. He spent all day at the hotel talking with each member of the staff, from the top guy to the lady who cleaned the toilets. Six months later, Mr. Rochester paid another visit. Susan had been promoted to receptionist, but he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name. He even remembered that she had a little girl and what her name was. Now, I don’t believe that Richard Rochester has that good memory. He must have written a lot of notes after his first visit and read them over again before that second visit. It’s time-consuming, but it shows the importance he places on human relationships. I think that’s one of the secrets of his success.
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）
第一節(jié)（共15 小題; 每小題 2.5 分, 滿分 37.5分）
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手電筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
1. Which walk takes the shortest time?
A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?
A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club.
C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide.
3. What do the four walks have in common?
A. They involve difficult climbing. B. They are for experienced walkers.
C. They share the same start point. D. They are scheduled for the weekend.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了參加卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)的幾種步行方案，及其日期、起點和步行時間等相關(guān)細節(jié)。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文章所給出的四種方案中的“Walk Duration (步行時間)”部分比較可知，“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基爾布蘭尼什森林攝影步行)”的步行時間是1.5小時，用時最短。故選D項。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿著不當?shù)娜藢⒈痪芙^參加)”可知，第三種步行方案的參與者需要穿合適的衣服。故選A項。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四種步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和時間)”部分比較可知，這四種方案都被安排在周末。故選D項。
B
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates (檢票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit?
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
4. Why did BART start the kiosk program?
A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use.
C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs.
5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?
A. By popularity. B. By length.
C. By theme. D. By language.
6. What has Trost been doing recently?
A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers.
C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.
7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?
A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.
C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了舊金山灣區(qū)捷運系統(tǒng)(BART)推出自動售貨亭提供短篇故事打印服務(wù)，旨在滿足乘客閱讀需求，提升出行體驗，Trost認為此舉措能吸引更多乘客，對BART的未來持樂觀態(tài)度，預(yù)期乘客量將會增長。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““You enter the fare gates (檢票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(舊金山灣區(qū)捷運系統(tǒng)（BART）首席通訊官Alicia Trost表示：“你進入檢票口，會看到一個亮著燈的信息亭，它告訴你可以得到一分鐘、三分鐘或五分鐘的報道。你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會給你一個類似收據(jù)的短篇故事�！�)”可知，BART啟動信息亭是為了滿足乘客在乘車過程中的閱讀需求，為他們提供不同長度的短篇故事或詩歌來打發(fā)時間。故選C項。
【5題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會給你一個類似收據(jù)的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按長度分類，乘客可以根據(jù)自己的需求選擇不同長度的故事。故選B項。
【6題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我們想做一些事情，呼吁灣區(qū)的藝術(shù)家為比賽提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(獲獎故事會進入我們的書報亭，然后你就會成為一名出版藝術(shù)家)”可知，Trost最近在組織一個故事競賽，向灣區(qū)的藝術(shù)家征集故事，獲勝作品將被放入書報亭供乘客閱讀。故選A項。
【7題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她說：“歸根結(jié)底，所有的交通機構(gòu)現(xiàn)在都在盡一切努力改善乘客體驗。所以我絕對認為，我們會因為短篇小說而吸引更多的乘客�！�)”可知，Trost認為通過提升乘客體驗，包括提供短篇故事閱讀服務(wù)，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量將會增加。故選D項。
C
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
8. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?
A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care.
C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets.
9. What information does the convenient app offer?
A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants.
C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods.
10. What can be concluded about BMF employees?
A. They have a great passion for sports.
B. They are devoted to community service.
C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D. They have a strong environmental awareness.
11. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management.
C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主要優(yōu)勢，包括減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學污染、以及員工的環(huán)保生活方式等。
【8題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程)”可知，巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）進一步縮短了從農(nóng)場到餐桌的距離。故選C。
【9題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. (此外，還有一個便捷的應(yīng)用程序，可以實時提供增長數(shù)據(jù))”可知，這個便捷的應(yīng)用程序提供了植物生長的實時數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF員工在日常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學品�！�)”可知，BMF員工具有強烈的環(huán)保意識。故選D。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (通過云連接，對BMF進行遠程監(jiān)控。此外，還有一個方便的應(yīng)用程序可以實時提供不斷增長的數(shù)據(jù)。由于該系統(tǒng)是自動化的，因此大大減少了種植植物所需的水量。該系統(tǒng)不是給一排排土壤澆水，而是為每株植物提供合適的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF員工在日常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學品�！�)”可知，文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主要優(yōu)勢，包括減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學污染、以及員工的環(huán)保生活方式等。故選A。
D
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (變革).
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代碼) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
12. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.
C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic.
13. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?
A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals.
14. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?
A. Observe existing regulations on it.
B. Reconsider expert opinions about it.
C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control.
D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down.
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history.
C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一書。該書作為應(yīng)對AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機。
【12題詳解】
詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代碼) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (這樣一本書可能會像驅(qū)動人工智能的計算機代碼一樣復(fù)雜，但值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實際角度而不是學者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾撰寫的這本書是通俗易懂的，如果別人寫這本書的話可能就不是這樣了，推測劃線短語表示 “如果是由能力較差的人寫的”。故選C項。
【13題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實際角度而不是學者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾在書中將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容，這本書的特點是通俗易懂，推測它采用了接地氣的寫作風格。故選B項。
【14題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她說，我們必須保持對人工智能的控制，否則就有被邊緣化甚至更糟的風險)”和文章最后一段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我們需要考慮我們希望人工智能的未來如何發(fā)展。這種結(jié)構(gòu)化的思維，加上全球監(jiān)管，將使我們走向偉大，而不是走向衰敗)”可知，坎貝爾敦促人們保持對人工智能的控制，考慮人工智能的未來應(yīng)如何發(fā)展，所以關(guān)于人工智能的發(fā)展，坎貝爾敦促人們共同努力將其控制住。故選C項。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (變革). (考慮到人工智能改變我們生活的驚人潛力，我們都需要采取行動來應(yīng)對人工智能驅(qū)動的未來，這正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地�？ㄌ乩飱W娜·坎貝爾撰寫的這本引人入勝的.新書是一本實用的路線圖，旨在應(yīng)對即將到來的人工智能革命帶來的挑戰(zhàn))”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能將影響我們所有人，如果你只讀一本關(guān)于這個主題的書，那就是這本書)”可知，本文主要介紹了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一書，該書作為應(yīng)對AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機，所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是推薦一本關(guān)于人工智能的書。故選A項。
第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2.5分, 滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (榮幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何避免“過度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。
【16題詳解】
前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促進理解，擴展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進當?shù)亟?jīng)濟和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過度旅游)”表明旅游帶來了一些問題，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在當今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainly not.(當然不)”可知，空處提問能否停止旅行，D選項“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語境。故選B。
【17題詳解】
前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客過多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺得你錯過了。只有當風景、文化或食物深深吸引你時，才去某個地方)”表明不要跟風旅游，C選項“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時的感受，忠實自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語境。故選C。
【18題詳解】
前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 為什么不嘗試一個地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點，E選項“你仍然可以找到相對未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”符合語境。故選E。
19題詳解】
空處為小標題，根據(jù)后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通過跳過重大節(jié)假日或高峰時間來最小化影響并最大化體驗)”表示旅游時要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時間，A選項“在非高峰時間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A。
【20題詳解】
前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護一個目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時應(yīng)保護旅游景點，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項“考慮回饋你所訪問的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題1分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didnt think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. Its these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match
24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test
26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties
29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied
34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者十年前選擇在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的風土人情。
【21題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：我喜歡在法國旅行，但當談到選擇我最喜歡的定居地點時，意大利顯然是贏家。A. study學習；B. rent租金；C. visit游覽；D. settle定居。根據(jù)下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此處指作者最喜歡的定居地點。故選D。
【22題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：在我第一次訪問意大利時，我很難問路或在餐館點餐。A. planned計劃；B. struggled斗爭、吃力地進行；C. refused拒絕；D. happened出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生。根據(jù)上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此處指作者第一次到意大利，語言不通，很難溝通交流。故選B。
【23題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：我試著把一個意大利語句子串在一起，當?shù)厝藢ξ椅⑿ΓQ贊我的語言技能。A. string串起、連成一串；B. hang懸掛；C. mix混合；D. match配對。根據(jù)下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此處指作者努力想用意大利語串成一句話。故選A。
【24題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：我試著把一個意大利語句子串在一起，當?shù)厝藢ξ椅⑿�，稱贊我的語言技能。A. improved改進；B. assessed評估；C. admired欽佩；D. praised贊揚。根據(jù)上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此處指作者嘗試說意大利語，當?shù)厝速潛P作者的語言能力。故選D。
【25題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：這種鼓勵幫助我克服了語言障礙。A.course課程；B. barrier障礙；C. area區(qū)域；D. test測試。根據(jù)上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此處指當?shù)厝藢ψ髡叩墓膭顜椭朔苏Z言障礙。故選B。
【26題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：當我把意大利作為永久的家后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了意大利人是多么的熱情。A. open-minded思想開明的；B. strong-willed思想堅定的；C. warm-hearted熱心的；D. well-informed見多識廣的。根據(jù)下文鄰居的熱心行為“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此處指鄰居是熱情的。故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：鄰居們會給我?guī)硇迈r的奶酪，還會在下雨的時候來我家門前提醒我關(guān)上車窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允許；C. persuade說服；D. order命令。根據(jù)上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此處指熱心的鄰居在下雨的時候來作者家門前提醒他關(guān)上車窗。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：正是這些小小的善舉讓一個新國家有家的感覺。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承諾；C. acts行為；D. duties職責。根據(jù)上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此處指鄰居們的善舉。故選C。
【29題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：作為一個美食家，通往我內(nèi)心的路是通過我的胃，沒有什么地方能像意大利那樣刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth發(fā)育。根據(jù)上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此處指做這是一個美食家，所以應(yīng)該是刺激食欲。故選C。
【30題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：每個城鎮(zhèn)都有自己的傳統(tǒng)菜肴，每個家庭都保存著代代相傳的食譜。A. costume服裝；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符號；D. tale故事。根據(jù)上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此處指意大利各地都有傳統(tǒng)菜肴。故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他們能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer歡呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根據(jù)上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此處指一家人聚集在一起吃飯。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他們能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for彌補。根據(jù)上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此處指家人們?yōu)榱司墼谝黄鸪燥埗氤龅睦碛�。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：這些飯菜總是伴隨著笑聲和喜悅。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed確認；C. represented 代表；D. accompanied伴隨。根據(jù)下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此處指家人們在一起用餐時伴隨著歡聲笑語。固定搭配“accompany by”譯為“伴隨”。故選D。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：無論意大利的生活有什么缺點，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下來吃頓大餐，這些問題就會被遺忘。A. disadvantages缺點；B. meanings含義；C. surprises驚喜；D. opportunities機會。根據(jù)上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此處指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之處。故選A。
【35題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：無論意大利的生活有什么缺點，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下來吃頓大餐，這些問題就會被遺忘。A. created創(chuàng)建；B. forgotten忘記；C. understood理解；D. identified確認。根據(jù)上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此處指無論在意大利的生活有什么不如意之處，跟家人們吃一頓飯就會忘記不愉快。故選B。
第二節(jié)（共10 小題; 每小題 1.5 分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (紀念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
【答案】36. who
37. themes 38. were
39. to 40. inspired
41. was built
42. visibility
43. to find
44. Recalling
45. and
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國明代戲曲家湯顯祖與英國戲劇家莎士比亞之間的聯(lián)系和共同點，并展示了這種聯(lián)系如何被紀念和展示在莎士比亞的故鄉(xiāng)斯特拉特福德，且說明了這種聯(lián)系對于提高斯特拉特福德國際知名度的重要性。
【36題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：為了紀念被譽為“亞洲莎士比亞”的湯顯祖，中國文化元素為莎士比亞的故鄉(xiāng)——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了國際化的色彩。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定語從句中擔當主語，表示人，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：莎士比亞故居信托基金會的研究主管Paul Edmondson說，盡管他們從未見過面，但他們的作品中都有共同的主題。本句為“there be”句型，為倒裝句，根據(jù)謂語動詞“are”可判斷，本句主語為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填themes。
【38題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內(nèi)容也是莎士比亞所關(guān)心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似�！边@里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意以及定語從句時態(tài)可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“some of the things”，復(fù)數(shù)。故填were。
【39題詳解】
考查固定短語。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內(nèi)容也是莎士比亞所關(guān)心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似�！惫潭ǘ陶Z：be similar to，意為“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。
【40題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。非謂語動詞擔當后置定語，被修飾詞“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和動詞“inspire”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填inspired。
【41題詳解】
考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語“Two years later”可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，單數(shù)，和動詞“build”之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was built。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯(lián)系。形容詞international后接名詞形式，visibility“知名度”為不可數(shù)名詞作賓語。故填visibility。
【43題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯(lián)系。非謂語動詞擔當形容詞“amazed”后的原因狀語，用動詞不定式形式。故填to find。
【44題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心�！狈侵^語動詞擔當狀語，主語“Edmondson”和動詞“recall”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式擔當狀語；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填Recalling。
【45題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，用and連接。故填and。
第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（滿分15分）
46. 假定你是李華，上周五你們班在公園上了一堂美術(shù)課。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：
�。�1）你完成的作品；
�。�2）你的感想。
注意：
�。�1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris
I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.
In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇是應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生給Chris寫一封信, 分享在公園上美術(shù)課的經(jīng)歷。
【詳解】1. 詞匯積累
決定：decide→determine
整個的：entire→whole
提供：offer→provide
總之：in a word→in short
2. 句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.
拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers.
【點睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)
第二節(jié)（滿分25分）
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadnt heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (隊列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said.
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry."
注意：
�。�1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
（2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】參考范文
Para 1
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.
Para 2
Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在一次因風暴延誤的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租車前往車站趕最后一班去布拉格的公共汽車。司機岡特不熟悉車站位置，通過電話求助后順利抵達。到達時作者卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒帶現(xiàn)金，嘗試用葡萄牙銀行卡支付沒有成功，而車站的取款機也故障了。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：
①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我跑回到岡特那里，告訴他這個壞消息。”可知，第一段可描寫作者留下岡特的電話，承諾會還錢給對方，岡特同意，最終作者及時登上了公共汽車。
�、谟傻诙问拙鋬�(nèi)容“四天后，當我回到維也納時，我按照承諾給岡特打了電話。”可知，第二段可描寫作者付費給岡特，并向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖屑�，兩人成為了好朋友�?/p>
2.續(xù)寫線索：作者給出解決辦法——承諾還錢——岡特同意——作者登上公共汽車——履行承諾還錢——兩人成為朋友
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①拒絕：reject/refuse
�、诮o某人擁抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.
③記下，寫下：write down/set down
情緒類
①難以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably
�、陂_心地：happily/joyfully
【點睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（運用了where引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）
【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（運用了when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）
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