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人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)期中知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
【Unit 1 Can you play the guitar ?】
1、can+動(dòng)詞原形,它不隨主語(yǔ)和數(shù)而變化。
(1)含有can的肯定句:主語(yǔ)+can+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(2)變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),把can提前:Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主語(yǔ)+can。否定回答:No,主語(yǔ)+can't.
(3)含有can的否定句:主語(yǔ)+can't+動(dòng)詞的原形+其他。
(4)含有can的特殊疑問(wèn)句:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
2、may+動(dòng)詞的原形。(may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)一般疑問(wèn)句是把may提前,
肯定回答是:Yes,主語(yǔ)+may。否定回答是:No,主語(yǔ)+mustn't。或please don't。
join+某個(gè)組織,俱樂(lè)部,party,參軍,黨派等“加入”
Join sb. “參加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做......,參加某個(gè)活動(dòng)” Join in=take part in +活動(dòng),比賽
3、說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言:speak+語(yǔ)言4、play+球、棋、牌;play+the+樂(lè)器。
5、擅長(zhǎng)于(做)什么:be good at +名詞/動(dòng)ing
6、幫助某人做某事:help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth.
7、我能知道你名字嗎?May I know your name?
8、想要做什么:want to do sth例如:I want to learn about art.
9、What club do you want to join?
I want to join the chess club and the basketball club.
10、What club does Tom want to join? He wants to join the swimming club .
11、He can’t play the violin or the piano. Can you help kids with swimming?
12、Why do you want to join the English club? Because I want to learn English well.
【Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?】
1、what time和when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
(1)對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用what time,也可以用when。詢(xún)問(wèn)鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)用what time,詢(xún)問(wèn)日期、月份、年份時(shí)用when。
(2)詢(xún)問(wèn)做某事的時(shí)間時(shí),兩者可以互換。 (3)其他詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間的句子:
What's the time? =What time is it?現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了?
時(shí)刻表達(dá)法:順讀法和逆讀法。
(1)順讀法:“鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘”直接讀數(shù)字。
(2)逆讀法:借助介詞past或to表示,要先說(shuō)分再說(shuō)鐘點(diǎn)。
A.當(dāng)分鐘不超過(guò)30分鐘時(shí)(包括30分鐘),即<或=30,用past表示。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:“分鐘+past+整點(diǎn)”意為“幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”。
B.當(dāng)超過(guò)30分鐘時(shí),即>30,用to表示。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:“所差分鐘(即60—所
過(guò)分鐘數(shù))+to+下一個(gè)整點(diǎn)”,to譯成“差”,差幾分鐘到幾點(diǎn)。
C.當(dāng)分鐘為30分鐘用half表示,當(dāng)分鐘為15分鐘用a quarter。
2、always總是>usually通常>often常常>sometime有時(shí)
3、Watch+TV、球賽“觀看,觀賞”,特指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間注視。
See+電影、醫(yī)生“看見(jiàn)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果。
Look “看”,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作,look后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要用介詞at。
Read+書(shū)刊、雜志“閱讀”
4、listen to +賓語(yǔ)6、Take a shower “淋浴” 7、Eat breakfast吃早餐
5、Go to +地點(diǎn)名詞如:go to school go+地點(diǎn)副詞如:go home
【Unit 3 How do you get to school?】
一、本單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
1.get to school到校2.take the subway乘地鐵
3.take the train坐火車(chē)4.leave for到……地方去,離開(kāi)去某地
5.take…to…把……帶到…… 6. most students大多數(shù)學(xué)生
7. from…to…從……到…… 8.think of想到,想起
9.ride bikes騎自行車(chē)10.in other parts of the world在世界的其他地方
11. how far多遠(yuǎn)(路程、距離) 12.how long多長(zhǎng)(時(shí)間)
13.take the train to school乘火車(chē)去上學(xué)14.in places在一些地方
15.go to school by boat乘船去上學(xué)16.on the school bus乘坐校車(chē)
17.be different from和……不同18.one 11-year old boy一個(gè)十一歲大的男孩
二、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)詳解
1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名詞,乘……去某地,是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在句中作謂語(yǔ)。
He takes the train. take the subway乘地鐵take a walk散步take a shower洗個(gè)澡
take a rest休息一會(huì)take a seat坐下take some medicine吃藥
2.by+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞或on/in+ a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的單數(shù)名詞,是介詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)。
I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.
3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地點(diǎn)名詞,步行/騎自行車(chē)/開(kāi)車(chē)/坐飛機(jī)去某地
表示乘交通工具方式可以互換表達(dá)相同的意義:
Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus
Drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car
Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.
4.get表示“到達(dá)”,后接名詞需加to,接地點(diǎn)副詞不加to.
reach給示到達(dá),是及物動(dòng)詞,其后直接接賓語(yǔ)。
arrive in+大地點(diǎn)arrive at +小地點(diǎn)后接副詞不需介詞。
5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/錢(qián)做某事
Sb pay some money for sth某人為某物花費(fèi)多少錢(qián)
Sb spend some time/money on sth某人在做某事或某物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/錢(qián)Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢(qián)
6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?
答語(yǔ)有兩種:W wW.x kB 1.c Om
(1) It’s…meters/miles/kilometers(away)有……米/英里/千米(遠(yuǎn))
(2) It ‘s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride.大約有十分鐘步行/騎車(chē)的路程。
7have to后加動(dòng)詞原形,側(cè)重客觀的需要,有“不得不,被迫”之意,有多種時(shí)態(tài)形式,否定式為don’t have to(needn’t)意為“不必”。
Must側(cè)重于說(shuō)話(huà)者的主觀看法,認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)做某事,只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)一種形式,否定式must’t意為“一定不要,不允許,禁止”反意詞為“needn’t”。
8.感謝用語(yǔ):Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.
回答感謝用語(yǔ)的句子:That’s ok /all right.不用謝。You are welcome不客氣。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客氣、那是我的榮幸。/Don’t mention it。別在意。 It was nothing at all.那沒(méi)什么。
三、語(yǔ)法歸納
(一)how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句
1.how引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句提問(wèn)交通方式,其答語(yǔ)分三種情況:
a. take a/an/the+交通工具(單數(shù))
b. by+交通工具(單數(shù))
c. on/in+限定詞+交通工具
2. how far用來(lái)提問(wèn)距離,多遠(yuǎn),其答語(yǔ)分為兩種:
(1)用長(zhǎng)度單位表示:It is five kilometers.
(2)用時(shí)間表示:It’s twenty minutes’ walk.
3.how long用來(lái)提問(wèn)時(shí)間,意為多久回答常用“for+段時(shí)”。
----How long have you learnt English?
----For 3 years.
how soon用來(lái)提問(wèn)做完某事還需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),常用“in+時(shí)間段”來(lái)回答。
――How soon will you arrive in Beijing?
----In 3 hours.
交際用語(yǔ)
1. Why do you like pandas?你為什么喜歡熊貓? Because they’re very clever.因?yàn)樗麄兎浅B斆鳌?/p>
2. Why does he like koalas?你為什么喜歡考拉?
Because they’re kind of interesting.因?yàn)樗麄冇悬c(diǎn)有趣
3. Where are lions from?獅子來(lái)自哪里?
They are from South Africa.他們來(lái)自南非。
4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too. Why?你喜歡其他的什么動(dòng)物?我也喜歡狗,為什么?
Because they’re friendly and clever.因?yàn)樗麄冇押茫斆鳌?/p>
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
莫莉喜歡和她的朋友一起玩,吃草。
6. She’s very shy.她非常害羞。
7. He is from Australia.他來(lái)自澳大利亞。
8.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.他白天睡覺(jué),但是晚上他會(huì)起來(lái)吃葉子。
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
他通常每天睡覺(jué)休息20個(gè)小時(shí)。 10.Let’s see the pandas first.讓我們先看熊貓。 11.Why do you want to see the lions?你為什么想去看獅子
四.重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)釋義
1、kind of有點(diǎn),稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy.考拉有點(diǎn)害羞。
kind還有“種類(lèi)”的意思
如:各種各樣的all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國(guó) Africa n.非洲
China和Africa都是專(zhuān)有名詞,首字母都應(yīng)該大寫(xiě),而且和介詞in連用。There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj.友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動(dòng)詞連用, be friendly to 。
The people in Chengdu are very friendly.t.
4、leaf n.葉子
復(fù)數(shù)形式為:leaves,類(lèi)似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives,scarf---scarfs(scarves)等。
5、be from來(lái)自… be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come formChina.
五、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
特殊疑問(wèn)句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等開(kāi)頭,對(duì)某一具體問(wèn)題進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。
特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本構(gòu)成有兩種情況:
1.疑問(wèn)句+一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)。這是最常見(jiàn)的情況。
What’s your grandfather’s telephone number?你爺爺?shù)碾娫?huà)號(hào)碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes?那個(gè)大眼睛的男孩是誰(shuí)?
Which season do you like best?你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)?
When is he going to play the piano?他什么時(shí)候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live?他住在哪兒?
How are you?你好嗎? How old are you?你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have?
你有幾個(gè)兄弟姐妹?
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