afraid是一個使用頻率很高的形容詞,意思是“害怕的”,“恐懼的”,“擔(dān)心的”,主要有以下幾種用法:
1. 在句中只可用作表語,不可用作定語,常跟在系動詞be, feel, seem等之后作表語。例如:
Don’t be afraid. Everything will be all right soon. 別害怕。一切很快就會好的。
She seems afraid. 她好像有點(diǎn)害怕。
2. afraid一般不能用副詞very修飾,而要用much或very much修飾。例如:
He is very much afraid of losing his job. 他很害怕失業(yè)。
3. be afraid of后接人或事物的名詞,表示“害怕某人或某物”。例如:
Are you afraid of dogs? 你害怕狗嗎?
She seems very much afraid of him. 她好像很害怕他。
We are not afraid of any difficulties. 我們不害怕任何困難。
4. be afraid for sb. or sth. 表示“為某人或某物擔(dān)心”。例如:
We are afraid for her safety. 我們?yōu)樗陌踩珦?dān)心。
5. be afraid to do sth. 和be afraid of doing sth. 的含義有所不同。be afraid to do sth. 表示“因害怕而不敢做某事”;be afraid of doing sth. 表示“怕做某事”。例如:
The mother closed the door quietly, as she was afraid to wake up the baby.
母親輕輕地關(guān)上門,因?yàn)樗桓页承褘雰骸?/p>
The mother closed the door quietly, as she was afraid of waking up the baby.
母親輕輕把門關(guān)上,因?yàn)樗幌氤承褘雰骸?/p>
6. be afraid+that 從句表示“擔(dān)心……”。例如:
He is afraid that she will not come. 他擔(dān)心她不會來。
7. 在日�？谡Z中,I’m afraid that…在很多場合相當(dāng)于I’m sorry, but…, 用于提出異議,說出令人不快的事實(shí),拒絕對方的要求等,使語氣委婉。例如:
I’m afraid that I can’t agree with you. 恐怕我不能同意你的意見。
I’m afraid you are wrong. (You are wrong, I’m afraid.) 恐怕你錯了。
8. 在口語中I’m afraid so 和I’m afraid not常用作簡略答語,so代替一個肯定句,not代替一個否定句。例如:
——Is it going to rain tomorrow? 明天會下雨嗎?
——I’m afraid so. 恐怕要下雨。
[小試牛刀] 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。
1. 那個小女孩很害怕蛇。
The little girl ____ ____ ____ ____ snakes.
2. 他為他兒子的身體擔(dān)心。
He ____ ____ ____ his son’s health.
3. 恐怕我明天不能參加你的聚會。
____ ____ ____ I can’t come to your party tomorrow.
4. 她晚上不敢單獨(dú)出去。
She ____ ____ ____ ____ ____at night.
5. “今晚你能來嗎?”“恐怕不能來。”
——Can you come tonight?
——____ ____ ____.
Key: 1.is so afraid of 2.is afraid for 3.I’m afraid that 4.is afraid to go out 5.I’m afraid not
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