英語四級真題及答案
英語四級真題及答案 1
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age，but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.
The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27.
Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.
On the other hand, indicators of a person’s accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.
The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people’s minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.
"These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one’s abilities，may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no dispases," Salthouse said in a news release.
The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.
The tests are designed to detect subtle (細(xì)微的)changes in mental function, and involve solving Puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.
In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (認(rèn)知能力)generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.
The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia(癡呆),according to the researchers.
“By following individuals over time,” Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”
The researchers are currently analyzing, the study participants health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.
46.What is the common view of mental function?
A.It varies from person to person.
C.It gradually expands with age.
B.It weakens in one’s later years.
D.It indicates one’s health condition.
47.What does the new study find about mental functions?
A.Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.
B.They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.
C.They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.
D.Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.
48.What does Timothy Salthouse say about peoples minds in most cases?
A.They tend to decline in people’s later years.
B.Their flexibility determines one’s abilities.
C.They function quite well even in old age.
D.Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.
49.Although people’s minds may function less flexibly as they age, they_____.
A.may be better at solving puzzles
B.can memorize things with more ease
C.may have greater facility in abstract reasoning
D.can put what they have learnt into more effective use
50.According to Salthouse, their study may help us_____.
A.find ways to slow down our mental decline
6.find ways to boost our memories
C.understand the complex process of mental functioning
D.understand the relation between physical and mental health
參考答案：
Passage One
46. 正確選項B。It weakens in one’s later years.
47. 正確選項D。Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.
48. 正確選項C。They function quite well even in old age.
49. 正確選項D。can put what they have learnt into more effective use.
50. 正確選項A。find ways to slow down our mental decline.
英語四級真題及答案 2
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。
1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.
B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.
C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.
D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.
B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.
3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C) The man had better talk with the students himself.
D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.
B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.
5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.
B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.
6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.
7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.
C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.
B) The woman is waiting for a call.
C) The woman is doing some repairs.
D) The man knows the mechanic very well.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) She had a job interview to attend.
B) She was busy finishing her project.
C) She had to attend an important meeting.
D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.
10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.
B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.
C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.
D) Help her roommate with her report.
11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.
B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.
B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.
13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.
B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.
14. A) It is an awful waste of time.
B) He finds it rather unbearable.
C) The time on the train is enjoyable.
D) It is something difficult to get used to.
15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.
B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) Ignore small details while reading.
B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C) Develop a habit of reading critically.
D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.
B) Underline the key words and phrases.
C) Make as few marks as possible.
D) Highlight details in a red color.
18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.
B) By reviewing only the marked parts.
C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D) By comparing notes with their classmates.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.
B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.
21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.
B) His mother’s injury just before his birth.
C) The unique surroundings of his living place.
D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C) She developed a strong interest in finance.
D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.
B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.
C) She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.
B) She was dishonest in business dealings.
C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D) She abused animals including her pet dog.
25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.
C) She made huge donations to charities.
D) She carried on her family’s tradition.
Section C
Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28)_______. Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ moment. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.
Part Ⅰ Writing
The First Place I Will Show in My Hometown—the Central Avenue
My hometown is Harbin. The most interesting place which I would like to take my foreign friends to is the Central Avenue, if they come to my hometown. The reasons for this can be illustrated as below.
To begin with, as the symbol of Harbin, the Central Avenue not only has a long history, but also a famous food palace. There are a variety of delicious foods for you to choose. Just take the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer as an example. Many of tourists to the Central Avenue sing their praises for the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer. In addition, the brilliant historic culture of the Central Avenue can widen people’s vision and enhance their knowledge, which lays a solid foundation for the understanding of this fabulous city—Harbin.
I believe my foreign friends will enjoy themselves in the Central Avenue. Not only can they appreciate the wonderful landscape of Harbin but also taste authentic northeast food. No better place can be chosen than the Central Avenue!
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1-5: BDDCD
6-10: ADBAC
11-15: ACBCA
16-20: DABDC
20-25: BCDAB
26. identical
27. approach
28. back and forth
29. opposite
30. indicates
31. referring to
32. parallel to
33. reserved
34. at the right angle
35. embarrassing
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