語法是掌握英語的一個基礎(chǔ),打好這個基礎(chǔ)會使你分析文章更容易,也能夠?qū)懗龊芎玫木涫?小編整理了主謂一致的語法點(diǎn),供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考。

　　主謂一致

　　I.要點(diǎn)

　　謂語受主語支配，須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這叫做主謂一致，主謂一致包括語法一致、意義上一致和就近一致。

　　1、語法上一致

　　(1)、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞，動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，如，

　　To work hard is necessary for a student.

　　(2)、用and或both……and連接的并列主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如，

　　Both he and I are right.

　　但并列主語如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

　　(3)、主語是單數(shù)時，盡管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)，如，

　　The teacher as well as his students is excited.

　　(4)、某些不定代詞，如做主語，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，如:Everyone has a book.

　　(5)、一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如people, cattle, clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，如，A lot of people are dancing outside.

　　2、意義上一致

　　(1)、表時間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)，如，

　　Twenty years is not a long time.

　　(2)、表示總稱意義的名詞public, police, cattle, clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如，

　　People are talking about the accident.

　　(3)、有些集合名詞，如family, team等作主語，如作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如指其中每個成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)，如，

　　My family is a big one.

　　My family are watching TV.

　　3、鄰近一致

　　用連詞or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等連接的并列主語，如果一個是單數(shù)，一個是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語一致，如，

　　Either you or I am mad.

　　II.例題

　　例1、The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.

　　A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built

　　解析：該題答案為A。works形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意思上是單數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用單數(shù)，類似的還有news, maths, politics, physics.

　　例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics.

　　A. have B. has C. having D. gets

　　解析：該題答案為A。They each不等于each of …, each of 這個詞組作主語謂語用單數(shù)如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主語，謂語要隨each前面的詞來變化。